The Problem with Saying “I’m Not Being Fed.”

Every day we are being formed by something. We’re all being shaped, bit by bit, day by day, into someone. Most well-intended Christians hope to be formed into strong followers of Jesus, but the problem is in the word “hope.”

Nobody will wake up one morning and go, “Oh wow, I’m a devoted follower of Jesus with strong, healthy habits and spiritual disciplines. So glad I made it!”

If you ever do wake up one morning with a thought like that, it will be because you chose to accomplish something Christlike, every day, a little bit each day, over and over again, over the course of years.

If you’ve ever had thoughts like,

“I’d like to worry less.”

“I don’t want to get angry this easily.”

“I want to care less about impressing others.”

“I want a better understanding of love and selflessness.”

The way to see those things happen is to make a conscious effort every day to progress towards such a lifestyle. But most Christians simply have no idea how to do this. We have great intentions and poor follow-through.

The basic Christian message in America’s religious culture is (1) Go to church, (2) Spend a few minutes in the bible and prayer, and (3) give and serve. These are all absolutely important, but there’s more to being a follower of Jesus than just these things. But with only these things, we end up with churches full of people feeling a lack in their spiritual life, and then they start looking for the reason they feel this lack, and might say something like “Well I’m just not getting fed where I’m at.”

What’s the answer? A stronger will won’t fix the problem. Deeper bible knowledge, (though always helpful) won’t fix the problem, and moving from church to church and leader to leader won’t fix the problem.

I’d like to propose a valuable understanding of the words of the apostle Paul in Romans 12 as a starting platform for being formed into a greater follower of Jesus,

Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, that by testing you may discern what is the will of God, and what is good and acceptable and perfect” (12:2 ESV).

Let’s look at this for a minute. When Paul says “Do not be conformed to this world” he’s addressing a group of people just like us: We’ve already been formed by the world. It’s kind of… too late. So what do we do? We have to undo the patterns we’ve been conformed to and act counter-culturally to them. The patterns and rhythms we naturally fall into have come from a place of being formed that we don’t want anymore, because they represent the patterns and values of a world sold out to selfishness, self-righteousness, and self-servingnes. so we have to create new patterns and we have to practice them daily. Paul calls this “testing” but the Greek word (dokimazein) best translates as “to prove,” meaning we prove our transformation through habitual training and practice!

So what are some spiritual disciplines we can practice that will roll back our poorly formed worldly patterns and help establish transformed and renewed ones? Here’s a simple, non-exhaustive list:

• Memorize scripture: Have negative, sinful thought patterns? Learn the words of God, don’t just read them. Pick a verse a week, perhaps, and be able to quote it by the end of the week.

• Quote scripture out loud: Engage your mind and body by making it more than a mental exercise. Your brain responds differently to things you say than things you think.

• Put down your phone, screens, and all entertainment media for a serious chunk of time each day: You can only beat anxiety by removing yourself from the source.

• Be quiet: You’ll never pay attention to God or others when you’re so focused on saying what you want to say.

• Kneel when you pray: This might sound old school to you, but physically assuming a posture of humility is something we all need to regularly engage in. Again, the body needs to reinforce what the mind is trying to assume. Too many of us think old rituals like kneeling are a bad memory from catholicism, but that’s simply not true. First-century Jewish Christians assumed praying positions 3 times a day, regardless of where they were. You can do it too!

• Spend time with other Christians, talking about Christ: Faith is not personal or individual. Americans get stuck in the trap of making everything personal, but God’s people were always a people (plural), a body, a group, a community who engage in heavenly behavior collectively. You need this desperately in your friends, family, small group, and so on.

So if you’re falling into that trap of “getting stuck” or “not getting fed,” I ask you to actually take a look at your habits and practices, and honestly assess whether or not you’re walking out a life of discipleship to Jesus daily, little by little, bit by bit, consistently.

Suffering is a Gift

Have you ever pressed hard into a season of prayer with God, crying out for a breakthrough, for healing, for relief,

and when God answers, you get incredibly excited:

My help is coming!

Only to find that your answer from God is a blessed season of continued suffering?

This is what happened to the disciples in the gospel of Mark.

For centuries, Jews had been crying out to God for miraculous deliverance from foreign oppression. Throughout Mark’s gospel, Jesus has been proving to his disciples through miracles, exorcisms, and powerful teaching that He is, in fact, their awaited deliverance.

After feeding 4000 people with 7 loaves of bread and a few fish (another amazing miracle), Jesus asks his disciples,

“Who do you say that I am?”

Peter responds, “You are the Christ.”

Wow! Deliverance is here! God has come!

But Jesus tells the disciples to keep quiet and warns them that His next assignment is to be

rejected,

to suffer,

and die.

Jesus is about to radically redefine what the gift of redemption looks like.

Ironically when Peter disagrees with Jesus and discourages the path he’s chosen, Jesus rebukes Peter for completely missing the will of God,

Get behind Me, Satan;

for you are not setting your mind on

God’s purposes, but on man’s (ESV).

Peter’s desire for Jesus to avoid suffering put him in league with Satan and the religious elite—and in opposition with God.

Think about that for a second.

What would it look like if the driving factor in our choices was not to avoid suffering?

Living in squalor among the poor and destitute in order to reach them? That would be a blessing, not a burden.

Paying off someone else’s debts when you’ve been wise with your own money? That would be an honor, not unfair.

Being betrayed by the emotionally immature? That would be an opportunity to display grace and forgiveness, not an offense to recover from.

Turning the other cheek when someone slaps you in the face? That would be a chance to pronounce a blessing on them, not hit them back.

Why?

Because we’re delighted to suffer—if our suffering has even the slightest potential of drawing someone else into closer orbit with the ways of Jesus.

Each time Jesus predicts his death, his disciples fail to get it. They respond with pride and incomprehension. They cannot fathom an outcome where their government continues to oppress them and their popular rabbi dies in shame and embarrassment. How is this a good thing?!

Many people today embrace servanthood, but only until serving leads to suffering. That’s when most bail.

I’ll serve you until that serving starts to hurt, and then I’m out.

Jesus served us right into a bloody death, and if he had bailed too soon, we’d all be lost in darkness.

Who is God calling you to serve today in order to radically alter their impression of His love,

and what form of suffering has become the excuse you use to avoid serving them?

Every time they sin, do you find yourself longing to bear the weight of their suffering if it could draw them closer to the love of Jesus?

The messiah must pass through suffering and sacrifice on his way to glory.

For us.

Who can you suffer for, to help bring them and yourself, after the footsteps of Jesus, to glory?

Moving Away From the Nile

As the New Year takes off, many of us are trying out new things. We’re setting new goals, possibly transitioning jobs, re-evaluating our priorities, and hopefully checking our hearts to see where our allegiances lie.

In the midst of all of this, you might hear a recurring voice come up in your conscience, “Just make sure you keep trusting God amid those changes and transitions!” This is absolutely sound advice, but how exactly should that look? What does it mean to trust God when things change? Do we just pray, “Well God, I trust you.” Christian cliches, no matter how true, aren’t helpful when we don’t know how to apply them.

There’s a powerful moment during one of Israel’s transitions in the Old Testament that we can lean on to help us transition into new seasons: It’s in Deuteronomy 11,

You shall therefore keep every commandment which I am commanding you today, so that you may be strong and go in and take possession of the land into which you are about to cross to possess it… For the land, into which you are entering to possess it, is not like the land of Egypt from which you came, where you used to sow your seed and water it by your foot like a vegetable garden. But the land into which you are about to cross to possess it, a land of hills and valleys, drinks water from the rain of heaven,  a land for which the Lord your God cares; the eyes of the Lord your God are continually on it, from the beginning even to the end of the year. (Deuteronomy 11:9-12)

Ancient Egypt was a civilization that developed along about 1000 miles of the Nile River. The Nile was both literally and figuratively the source and supply of stable agricultural life in Egypt. Ancient Egyptians worshiped the god Hapi specifically for providing consistent water from the Nile, and they used irrigation techniques that ran rising waters from the Nile into specific cisterns. So for Egypt, the Nile was both a literal source of provision and abundance, and it was a force worthy of worship and gratitude. Egyptian life was centered on trusting that gods would use the Nile to be their source and supply.

At this point in history, Israel had lived in Egypt for over 400 years. There is not a single living Hebrew who knows farming and agriculture in any other context other than how Egypt did it. Hebrews had no other choice but to center their lives on the systems Egypt used. If you did not at least acknowledge that some higher power faithfully provides using the Nile, you risk losing the health and wellness of your family. Worship and provision are intrinsically linked in the Bible, and they are linked for us today as well. As Christians, we are surrounded by people who believe, “You can follow God, yeah, but you have to participate in some secular rituals and practices in our society, otherwise you’re not going to make it.” That’s how it was for Israelites who saw consistent provision from Egypt, and now worried that they needed to take some of Egypt with them. They would pledge allegiance to Yahweh, sure, but it is only practical that they maintain some form of Egyptian ritual worship to be successful and provide for their families.

God saw this coming, and He prepared Israel by saying, “Hey, even the way you used to water your crops in Egypt, it doesn’t work like that here. I’m taking you to a new place in life where the water literally falls from the sky, and it does so consistently. Those irrigation techniques that you relied on in Egypt? Those won’t work for you anymore. New season, new strategy.”

As long as Israel tried to continue using Egypt’s method, they’d flounder in the new land, not realizing that what was provision for them in their former land is now depriving them in this new one.

Sometimes God brings change into our lives, and when He does, He removes physical sources of happiness and provision, because He knows that our trust and worship still reside in those sources. To bring us into a state of greater trust and deeper relationship with Him, and greater separation from the world’s solutions, He needs us to detach from former sources of supply and receive completely new ones: Sources that He personally governs in our lives. Deuteronomy 11:12 literally says that Israel is stepping into a land “for which the Lord your God cares.” Even though Israel tried to remain faithful to Worship God in Egypt, there was a form of acceptance that Egyptian powers governed their health and wellness. Egypt was their source and supply.

You used to receive your provision the way Egyptians did, and that was fine for a while, but the land into which you are going now—things don’t work that way.

As you dive into this new year, ask yourself if you’re trying to step into new territory while working and worshiping the way you did in the old places. If you are, pray and ask God to prepare your heart to let those go, so that your faith can accept this new land where things work differently, and God is truly your only source and your supply. It is okay to be grateful for the Nile in your past, and how God used it to get you through that season to prepare you for this one. God can use even the pagan practices of others to produce fruit from them for us. But perhaps it’s time to let those go.

Violent Night - Holy Night

If your Christmas traditions are anything like mine, you and your family will sit down and read the beginning of the Christmas story from Luke Chapter 2 at some point in all of the festivities. I’ve read these verses hundreds of times, and I’ve quoted them just as many. I used to have to recite the scene with Linus from “Marry Christmas Charlie Brown,” with a blue blanket in my hands and everything. Likely because of my familiarity with this famous passage I’ve taken for granted the brilliance of Luke’s telling of the Christmas story, especially his closing passage in the appearance of the angels to shepherds in the fields:

And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly army praising God and saying, “Glory to God in the highest [heaven] and upon earth peace among those favored by God!”

Finally, it hit me—this is one of the most audacious things to read as a first-century Jew in Rome.

Around the same time Jesus was born (possibly the same year) Herod the Great died. His reign was one of terror and paranoia, even for a Roman ruler. He murdered most of his family to secure his throne and was actually in the middle of attempting to execute his son for treason in the year he died. Herod’s paranoid, mass-terrorism reign was the only thing keeping Jewish Palestine from falling apart, however.

Jewish nationalist factions had tried to rise up over the last 150 years in revolt against what seemed to them an idolatrous display of Roman accommodation by Herod. In the wake of his death, his successor Archelaus (the poor kid was 19 years old) was pressured by Jewish mobs to punish elitists who were favored by Herod during his reign and to move the highpriesthood under new leadership. Fearful of open rebellion, Archelaus stationed forces to keep eyes and ears out for sedition during the Passover, when thousands of outsiders would be visiting Jerusalem. Sure enough, some Jewish teachers of the law incited rebellious activity against some of Archelaus’s soldiers, and the result wasn’t just a quelching of rebellion… 3000 people were slaughtered, with many more fleeing to the hillside. Archelaus canceled the Passover Feast, but similar massacres followed at the Feast of Pentecost, and over several months violent factions, pilfering, and chaos broke out across Judea and beyond. Amid the havoc, three popular leaders began terrorizing the countryside and claimed the role of Popular “King.” One of these kings, a man named Judas, violently took over the city of Sepphoris, which was only 4 miles away from the little town of Nazareth.

Rome decided to call in the big guns for this upheaval and summoned Publius Quinctilius Varus, the governor of Syria. Armed to the teeth with 2 legions of skilled soldiers and numerous allies, General Varus sent men on an expedition in Galilee, reclaimed the city of Sepphoris, enslaved the remaining inhabitants, and set the city to flames. Varus continued his march through Samaria, burning cities and punishing Jewish dissent as he slowly made his way back to Jerusalem. History doesn’t tell us if he stopped in Nazareth and plundered it as well, but if he did, it’s possible a young couple named Joseph and Mary were hunkered down nearby. The violence didn’t stop. More revolts would take place, with the Zealot movement coming into existence as a result of Judas’s activism. Cries for political and religious independence would echo through one Jewish uprising after another for the next 60+ years until their temple would be destroyed.

And in the midst of all of this, an angel has the audacity to announce to shepherds in Bethlehem

Peace on earth

Peace? These shepherds are perfectly aware of what’s been happening. They’ve probably seen the pyres of smoke across the hillside. Death and abomination are taking their world by storm, and the “peace” they are supposed to take comfort in is a baby sitting in an animal troff? In the midst of what feels like the end of the world, in the backwoods middle of nowhere Rome, a single baby being born is supposed to give us comfort? God must have absolutely no empathy for what we’re going through.

Or, as always, we’re focused on this present world and its passing trials while God has something infinitely more important in mind. Seats of political power are gone in a moment. Religious influence rises and falls in a day. Power and control are never in the same place for long, and yet everybody grabs for them, thinking they can usher in salvation if they just get enough of it. Then God comes along and reminds us that power, influence, and control all belong to Him, and He’s about to entrust it to this little baby born in Bethlehem, who will save the world by refusing to grasp for any of it. Instead, he will die for us, sinners who always hunger for it. Is the problem of human sin really greater than my social and national identity, or even my personal safety?

Yes. But don’t worry. It’s in Jesus’s hands now.

It Was a Violent Night. It was a Holy Night.

A Different Look at The House On The Rock

One of the most well-known parables, even among the non-religious, is Jesus’ parable of the house that was washed away because it did not have a firm foundation. I grew up knowing this parable through an old children’s church song:

“Oh the rains came down and the floods came up - the rains came down and the floods came up!”

For many, this parable is common sense—Listen to Jesus and know him deeply. Don’t be a shallow Christian who talks the talk but doesn’t walk the walk. In our contemporary, Western context for living, this implies growing in our personal understanding of who Jesus is and letting its natural wisdom shape our lives into stable followers of his. I’m not about to contradict this aspect of the parable or say that it’s incorrect to have this takeaway, but if we look more closely at the context of this parable within Jesus’ ministry, there’s a whole lot more to it.

Jesus was born into a world of extreme violence. Yes, of course, we suffer from violence in the modern day, but there is a feigned attempt in many parts of the ever-modernizing world to see other humans as individuals with autonomy and uncalculable self-worth. While societies used to see power dynamics as an excuse, even permission, to exploit and overpower those weaker than ourselves (this happened even into the 20th century in America with Social Darwinism) things are slowly changing, and kindness has become a cultural buzzword.  But the Jewish people literally inherited their former glorious kingdom of Israel through mass bloodshed and war in the first ten Books of the Bible. In the Second-Temple period 200 years before Jesus, where the Maccabean revolt left thousands dead and the Jews reclaimed some autonomy and continued to practice their faith in the Greek world, the Jews had a reinforced idea that their holy kingdom would come through violence. We see this in the disciple’s desperate attempt to yank their swords out and cut off the ear of the soldier who arrests Jesus (Luke 22:49-51). They believed that evil was fought by human hands, and policing bad behavior will inaugurate a kingdom of holiness until Christ does so by force.

With this in mind, let’s take a look at the parable of the house on a firm foundation:

“Why do you call me ‘Lord, Lord,’ and not do what I tell you? Everyone who comes to me and hears my words and does them, I will show you what he is like: he is like a man building a house, who dug deep and laid the foundation on the rock. And when a flood arose, the stream broke against that house and could not shake it, because it had been well built. But the one who hears and does not do them is like a man who built a house on the ground without a foundation. When the stream broke against it, immediately it fell, and the ruin of that house was great.” (Luke 6:46-49)

Jesus is speaking clearly here, but he knows the filter his listeners are hearing his words through is so filled with gunk from their past that some people just won’t get it. Jesus’s ministry is often referred to as the inauguration of an “upside-down kingdom,” where everything is counter-intuitive to the dominating wisdom of the secular world in which we live. This is especially evident here in this parable, which closes out an entire chapter where Jesus has just challenged all of his listeners to value the position of the poor over the rich (6:20-26), to love our enemies and turn their violence against us into a blessing upon them (27-31), and to live a life of uncompromising mercy towards those who model wickedness against us (32-36).

Let’s be honest for a minute… Virtually no Christian actually behaves this way. Most of us think that if a thief steals something of ours, we’re encouraging bad behavior and ruining society by blessing the bad guy instead of stopping him. But hear me for a second:

Jesus does not care about producing good Americans, he cares about redeeming souls that belong to hell.

At the end of this entire speech on living a life of unfathomable kindness and peace, even when violence seems like the common sense option, Jesus ends with this parable, where he tells the listener (and you and me) that if we actually do what he says, we are like people who build our life on a firm foundation, embedded into stable bedrock. But if we just listen, yet don’t obey this teaching, our foundation will not withstand the storms to come.

Here is the entire point, and I cannot stress this enough - If you are a follower of Jesus, but you have humans on this earth you see as enemies, or you are expending more energy in preserving your empire than expanding God’s,  you’re neglecting the obedience Jesus demands, and you will get swept away by the storms of the modern world. This parable has little to nothing to do with simply knowing Jesus more and loving him, or spending time with him, or worshiping him, or being “on fire” for him. Get those churchy cliches out of your head.

It’s about making tangible, radically different decisions where people who suck are blessed by your actions. Where people who are doing things poorly are honored by your graciousness to them. Where people who lead you half-heartedly are encouraged by your patience with them. Where greedy businessmen and sleazy politicians are at the center of your prayers, and their names are spoken of in honor by your lips, because the sinful world around you already slanders each other, and we don’t need to join them and retaliate with the same sins. Obeying Jesus means you see no earthly inhabitant as an enemy but as an opportunity to reveal the mercy of God. It is God’s kindness that leads to repentance (Rom. 2:4).

Stop, ask the Holy Spirit to help you evaluate your actions, and take an honest look at whether or not you value uncompromising mercy, or if you make excuses to give people what’s coming to them and take on the role of Judge.

In the end, if those in your life completely reject that mercy, they will stand before God and quake as they give an account for eternity.

But you, you are responsible for taking Jesus’ commands here seriously. Otherwise, the storms of life will hit, and it won’t be your enemy’s house that crumbles.

It’ll be yours.

Why Worship is Better Than Sacrifice

Growing up in a Christian home and serving in various church activities all my life, I have heard my fair share of “God delights in mercy, not sacrifice” quotes. A leader usually shares this sentiment right before everyone is about to serve overtime in some big event or a draining ministry endeavor, just to remind us all that our laborious sacrifice is not what pleases God.

Just remember, God isn’t satisfied because of what we can offer him… Now go and overextend yourself for God’s sake, even though that’s not what makes Him happy.

Literally every VBS, this is what someone was saying during the prayer huddle before we’d start. Obviously, I don’t disagree with the truth of scripture, and I do not contend with the heart attitude behind the use (and often misuse) of these scriptures. We are encouraged all over the bible to minister to the heart of God and to expand the borders of the kingdom of God by spreading the gospel, and this requires effort, time, and resources. The goal in sharing these verses is to encourage those who are putting a lot of effort into serving for the kingdom to remember that God is more interested in our private heart attitude to love and submit to Him than He is about what we will do for Him.

I’m concerned, however, that passages of scripture like these, specifically Psalm 51:16, “You will not delight in sacrifice, or I would give it,” and 1 Samuel 15:22, “Has the Lord as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as in obeying the voice of the LORD?” have been applied to our current situations so often that we might miss the bigger picture behind why sacrifice does not appeal to God. To discover the why behind that bigger picture, I’m going to look to Genesis, because just like the name implies, so many things start in Genesis.

In Genesis 2:15, after God has created this beautiful and good world, scripture says that God made man and “put” him in the garden in the east to “work it and keep it” (ESV). However, there have been some issues in how this has been translated over the years. Many people assume that work was created by God as a good thing because before Adam and Eve sinned they are given instructions to work the earth and take care of it. This doesn’t really add up, however, because “work” as often used elsewhere in the Old Testament means “toil” (בְּעִצָּבוֹן֙) and that’s what it means in Genesis 3, after the sinful fall (Gen. 3:23).

We get a better translation of these words and their significance when we look further into the Old Testament. Whenever the author uses the word “put” elsewhere, he’s referring to Levites, or Israelites in general, who are ministering in the presence of God or in the tabernacle (Ex. 16:33-34; Lev. 16:23; Nu. 17:4; Deut. 26:4, 10). When Levites are ministering in the Tabernacle, they are “keeping” (וּלְשָׁמְרָֽהּ׃) and “tending” (לְעָבְדָ֖הּ) to the worship of God and the obeying of his commands in the tabernacle.

In other words, a better translation of Genesis 2:15 for our day would be,

The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to worship and obey in the garden.

This is further backed up by the fact that God gives Adam a command in the very next verse,

You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.

Adam was created to worship God and obey Him. He was put in the garden so that he could be exposed to the choices of obeying God or disobeying Him, and Adam’s worship was dependent on that choice.

Here is why all of this is significant—Your labor for God, as good as it is, will always be something you do because we live in a broken world marred by sin and pain. Your worship of God is something you can do that is intrinsic to your pre-sin design. Before sin, you were called to worship and obey God. It is the only thing you can do in your relationship with God that aligns with God’s perfect design for you, and thanks to Christ, you’re allowed to do it again freely, in His presence.

You will always have to work and sacrifice in this life. The reality of this world where God is moving but has not yet perfected this space is that everything we do requires expending ourselves in difficult ways. But your worship, which predates toil, will always be more pleasing to God because it is what God made you to do without sin, without toil, and without sacrifice.

“To obey is better than sacrifice” (1 Sam 15:22) because if Adam had obeyed, there would be no need for sacrifice. Your sacrifice is required because of a lack of obedience. At the heart of genuine worship is obedience to the will and glory of God. He delights in obedience, and He delights in our worship. Don’t separate those two things. The biblical authors joined them together for a reason.

Pentecost: Why Fire? Why Wind?

If you know what Pentecost Sunday is, there’s a good chance you learned about from a pentecostal/charismatic, tongue-talking, demon-rebuking, bible-slinging preacher. I grew up in that, and I’m grateful for it! Something I did not learn until much later, however, is how many significant events are recorded in Acts 2 concerning Pentecost and God’s incredible faithfulness throughout the story of salvation. It would take quite some space to cover more than one significant aspect of Pentecost, so I’m going to focus on one that I think often gets little light in Christian circles: Why does the wind blow in the upper room, and why are there tongues of fire?

But first, real quick…

What is Pentecost?

Pentecost comes from the Greek word that means fiftieth, because it was celebrated fifty days after Passover. It was the second of three Jewish pilgrimage festivals where people brought gifts and offerings to God (Exodus 23:14-17). It was called Shavuot (The Feast of Weeks) and commemorated the first fruits of the wheat harvest, but as time continued into the second-temple jewish period (roughly 515 BC to 70 AD) it became a remembrance for the Law of Moses given by God at Sinai.

Now that last part is significant, because when God gave the Law to Israel at Sinai, it was the culmination of Him bringing salvation and righteousness to a people once lost in slavery under evil powers. Why does the Holy Spirit get accompanied by a mighty wind and tongues of fire? Let’s recap some biblical events and the dynamic imagery given to us in the Bible.

Why Fire?

As the book of Exodus opens up, we the readers get a window into the struggles of Israel under Egypt. What started as a plan for survival from famine under God’s guiding hand slowly became a place of slavery and suffering. Then God shows up with a declaration to save His people, and He shows up in a burning bush (Exodus 3:2-5). When God leads Israel out of slavery and into the wilderness to empty them of their dependence on their slaveholders, He does so as a pillar of fire (Exodus 13:21-22). When God gives the law to Moses and makes a covenant with Israel at Sinai, He rests on the mountain wrapped in smoke and fire (Exodus 19:18).

What’s with all the fire, God? John the Baptist helps us understand the significance of this.

He announces that when Jesus comes, He will baptize the world with the Holy Spirit and with fire (Luke 3:16-17). He will gather wheat into the barn, and then burn away the chaff with “unquenchable fire.” Fire refines what is pure and burns away what is rubbish. It is a divine symbol of both God’s beautiful saving righteousness and God’s judgment against evil, which are two sides of the same coin. God’s victory over sin and darkness was witnessed in His fiery presence in the Old Testament, where He conquered His enemies, delivered His children, and set them apart for holiness. But when the Holy Spirit comes, He will do that individually inside each and every follower of Jesus, bringing them together in perfect harmony as a redeemed and purified people. But what is saving for those who take refuge in Jesus is judgment for those who reject Jesus, as evidenced by Ananias and Sapphira (Acts 5:3,9). If you are for Christ, that fire is a wonderful warmth in your soul. If you are for yourself, that fire should scare the crap out of you. Tongues of fire rest individually on each believer in the upper room because God’s salvation plan is taking on a new dimension that the Law of Moses could not take on: The Law is being written on human hearts (Jeremiah 31:33) and the Holy Spirit is burning away sin and producing righteousness in us with the same fiery power God displayed in the Old Testament all those years ago. Within you, evil is being judged and defeated, and righteousness is being bestowed and multiplied.

Why Wind?

Before the fire shows up, a “sound like a mighty rushing wind” arrives from heaven (Acts 2:2). There is a Greek (pnévma) and Hebrew (rū-aḥ) word for “wind” or “breath” that is interchangeable with “spirit” in several places in scripture. In Ezekiel’s valley of dry bones, God declares He will “put [his] Spirit in you and you will live” (Ezekiel 37:1-14). According to Jesus the wind illustrates the effect the Holy Spirit has on a person born of the Spirit of God (John 3:8). It is God’s breath, or wind, that fills Adam with life as well (Genesis 2:7), so wind can be synonymous with God’s life-giving presence. But if we dive into other corners of the Old Testament, we see that God’s judgment resides in the wind as well. God’s “scorching” and “destructive” wind blow against evildoers in Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Hosea. One of the Psalmists describes the wicked as husks that the wind blows away (Psalm 1:4, 35:5, 83:13). And in Jesus’ parable of the house built on the sand, when the winds blew, that sand-house collapsed (Matthew 7:27).

So, does God’s mighty wind grant life, or destroy it? Well just like fire, that depends on whether you’re giving yourself over to Jesus or you’re keeping yourself king of your own heart. God’s wind is a beautiful sweeping away of the garbage we want swept out of our lives, but it’s an odious hurricane for the darkness that dwells in us, and woe to those who cling to that darkness.

Pentecost is a beautiful picture of how God brings holiness into our lives. We are finally able to live a life worthy of the goodness of God thanks to the inner work of the Holy Spirit, but we have to take that holiness seriously. We’ve been purified in fire. We’ve been swept clean of debris. We’ve been made holy vessels. What are we doing with these vessels? Where is holiness in the grand scheme of our Christian priorities? Are we thanking God for the wind and fire that are making us clean? Or are we frustrated at the pain of righteous burning and heavenly sweeping?

If we’re embracing holiness, Pentecost is really good news.

If we aren’t, it is terrifying news.

God is a God of Order

“God is not a God of confusion, but of peace.”

1 Corinthians 14:33 ESV

This verse is quoted often in Christian homes and churches, and for good reason. It’s a helpful reminder that God doesn’t orchestrate chaos for His people. A clear distinction that sets God’s people apart is the peace and order among the body of Christ, Christians. That word confusion in the greek is akatastasias, which can mean a disturbance, commotion, or disorder. That’s how Jesus used it in Luke 21:9 when describing the future outbreak of wars and mass deaths within the imminent Roman Empire. But the apostle Paul in quoting this verse is just finishing up an important series of teachings about how God does not sow discord among His people, and he uses this language to point back to a powerful belief that ancient Jews held for thousands of years before this writing—God is a God of order.

There is an important theme that runs throughout scripture where God and the forces of darkness are juxtaposed between order and chaos. In the Torah, the prophets, and New Testament epistles chaos is the result of sin and rebellion. Where there is chaos, evil is reigning and death is winning. Then God comes in to heal and restore, and He brings order. He brings purpose, unity, structure, and harmony. ORDER.

If we go back to the very beginning of everything, we see God introducing this truth to us within the fabric of creation. In Genesis 1:2, on the first day of creation, the author describes the earth God created as “formless and void”

( ṯō-hū wā-ḇō-hū ). People often get stuck thinking about the scientific implications of an amorphous earth with whirling gases and fire, but this misses the more important element being introduced here: God is preparing a place for human beings to inhabit where they can be in close relationship with Him, but as of right now, the land is uninhabitable. It is a land of chaos, where human life cannot survive. It is a wasteland, a desolate wilderness. God is preparing a place of beauty and flourishing, but that place is not yet ready. When God is finished, the land will be “good,” and not stuck in a “not yet” state. A powerful picture is being presented here that will illuminate further the need for God’s grace and power to transform empty wildernesses into beautiful lands ready for God’s people to inhabit. God will defeat chaos and bring order.

Deuteronomy 32:9-10 plays on the same imagery,

But the Lord's portion is his people,
    Jacob his allotted heritage.

He found him in a desert land,
    and in the howling waste of the wilderness;
he encircled him, he cared for him,
    he kept him as the apple of his eye.

The wasteland of the wilderness is where Israel waits before they can enter the “good” land that God is going to give them as an inheritance. The land isn’t ready yet, and neither are God’s people for that matter, but God is doing what only the One True God can do—He’s transforming darkness and emptiness into beauty and fullness.

The prophet Jeremiah uses the same imagery when describing the desolation of Israel as it goes into captivity,

I looked on the earth, and behold, it was without form and void;
    and to the heavens, and they had no light.

Formlessness and the void are where the forces of sin and death are reigning, but God is up to something! God is bringing order and purpose to what was once chaotic and useless. God is bringing healing and rest to what was once broken and anxious. God is going to create a land of thriving where desolation and wilderness used to be the standard.

This theme is revealed in numerous other passages in the Old Testament.

Exodus 15 displays God’s triumph over evil when crashing waters destroy Egyptian soldiers (the author of Psalm 18 reflects on this).

Isaiah 17:12-14 pronounces a woe to those who rage like the raging sea.

Isaiah 27:1 shows God defeating Leviathan, the ancient near-east sea serpent who represents the depths of chaotic waters (and evil).

God is a God of order. He defeats chaos and brings everything into alignment with His good will.

This creation narrative has even more to consider. On the fourth day of creation, God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night” (1:14 ESV). The syntax of the original text reads more like, “Let the lights in the expanse be for separating…” Many scholars believe the creation account in Genesis 1:1, where God creates the “Heavens and the Earth” refers to the celestial planets, stars, moons, and suns, because of the use of the term “heavens” throughout the rest of the Old Testament implies these planets and stars. If this is the case, then God would not have recreated the lights in the heavens on the fourth day, but instead, He would have given them purpose and visibility from the earth’s vantage point for the sake of humanity, which He is soon to create. In other words, God took the celestial bodies of the universe and assigned them order and purpose by giving them cycles, seasons, and usefulness.

Two of the biggest struggles humans face in contemporary life are discovering our own usefulness and purpose in a vast world that seems to be just fine without us, and the ability to fulfill that purpose and give structure and parameters to it. The National Library of Medicine stated,

Life purpose was significantly associated with all-cause mortality… A growing body of literature suggests that having a strong sense of purpose in life improves physical and mental health and enhances overall quality of life.

Simply put, purpose comes from order, and order comes from God, and without order, we are swimming in chaotic territory where darkness and evil have the upper hand. No wonder lacking purpose leads to poor quality of life. God has been shouting this to us from the rooftops ever since Genesis!

Wherever you see a lack of order, question it. If it is in your own life, challenge it. The enemy would love to have little pools of chaos in your life. But God wants to bring order to that chaos. God wants to establish plans and seasons, purposes and boundaries, where He structures your heart, mind, and priorities.

Order defeats chaos. Light defeats darkness. God defeats evil.

This is why Paul so strongly implores the Corinthian church for 14 chapters about how they need to squash discordant attitudes and the in-fighting in their churches. Their lack of unity produced chaos, and that chaos is where devils and darkness have space to work on us.

When you sense disunity and friction among Christians, don’t shrug it off, and don’t make excuses for it. Do the hard work of pursuing unity, because unity is a byproduct of order, and the author of order is God Himself!

Meet Jesus at the Table

One of the greatest things I’ve come to appreciate about Luke’s gospel account is his masterful use of storytelling to establish truths instead of blanket factual statements. Luke creates scenes that carry theological implications, and a major recurring scene is that around dining, or being seated at a table.

Luke powerfully employs the image of dining at a table as a metaphor for redeeming mankind and bringing us into communion with God once again.

Jesus calls Levi, a sinner, to repentance at a table at his house (5:27-32).

He forgives the sinful woman while at a Pharisee’s dining table (7:36-50).

He satisfies more than 5000 individuals with a miraculous meal (9:10-17).

He heals a man with dropsy while at a table banquet (14:1-24).

He is known as one who “receives sinners and eats with them” (15:2).

He redeems Zacchaeus, a sinner, at his house at the table (19:1-10).

This realization reaches its culmination at the last supper. Jesus reclines at the table in a furnished upper room, where they all should have partaken in passover together. Instead Jesus chooses to personally abstain from eating the passover meal (22:16) and introduces the bread as his broken body and the cup poured out as his spilled blood to signify that he would suffer for their gain. Jesus would bring redemption to those sitting at the table with him, but it wouldn’t come from their passover lamb, it would cost significantly more. Historically, Jesus’ disciples would have had their own cups to drink from, so Jesus’ passing of his cup would have made a profound impression: Doing so was a symbol of entering into a communion relationship with someone through good times and bad.

Luke portrays the table as a place where human need meets divine grace. It is where the presence of Jesus transforms the sad remembrance of things past into the glorious promise of things to come.

A Scholar named Eduard Schweizer reminds us:

In contrast to all other religious communities of their time, the early Christians had no temple, no statues, no priests, no special cult; the only thing visible was a table with a meal around which they came together every week. It was the continuation of the table fellowship of Jesus, and especially of that meal on the last evening together. It was a definitive gift from God and a central manifestation of the truth the church brought to the world.

Human beings are broken beings, but they no longer feel their brokenness when seated at the table with Jesus. Forgiveness, acceptance, and mercy for sinners is displayed across the fellowship table with Jesus. The table is where communion with God happens. At the table we remember what God has done at the Exodus, what He does for us now through the work of the cross, and what He will do for us at the marriage supper of the lamb as we have communion with him eternally after being raised with him.

This is one of many reasons why Paul had to correct the abuses of communion among the Corinthian church (1 Cor. 11:17-34). Meal gatherings were still suffering from theatrical showcases of wealth and social status. Superiority and class distinctions overshadowed the significance of how Christ actually destroyed those barriers by making everyone equal when they sat at his table: All people are now only defined as sinners saved by his sacrifice once they sit at his table.

The table has historically been a metaphor for intimacy and communion with others, and Jesus invites us to sit at his table. Reflect on these thoughts the next time you’re sitting at a table. Remember how beautiful God’s acceptance is because of the mercy He poured out so you could always have a seat at His table.

God’s Promises in Unlikely Places

Admit it. There are sections of the Bible that you dread reading because the immediate value of the scripture passage is not apparent, so you glaze over it, or skip it altogether. Genealogies and levitical laws are the most common of these passages. We know they exist for a reason, but do I want to be that person who figures out what that reason is? I’ll let some bible scholar do that and appreciate John 3:16 over here.

Well, I’d like to highlight one of these passages for you and share something amazing from it. You know all those gross chapters in the Book of Leviticus where God writes commands that deal with animal blood, food laws, and women waiting outside the camp after childbirth?

There are incredible promises for your future in those chapters.

What?! Crazy right? But watch this.

In Leviticus Chapter 12, after a woman gives birth to a child, she shall “not touch any consecrated thing nor enter the sanctuary until the days of her purification are over.” (12:4) Passages like this can be difficult to read because we’re all subject to evolutionary social morality. This just sounds cruel.

But an important thing to understand about “purification” in the Old Testament is that it is not dealing with vague spiritual taboos from thousands of years ago. It deals specifically with worship. If a person is “unclean,” they are removed from God’s holy presence, and they cannot do what they were created to do, worship and enjoy God’s intimate presence, until they are somehow made clean again.

This isn’t just about blood and rituals. Stick with me here.

There is a remarkable similarity between the middle chapters of Leviticus and the beginning of Genesis, where God creates all things. In the creation account, Adam and Eve are in the garden, spending intimate time in worship with God (Genesis 1-2). As soon as they sin, they are removed from the garden (Gen 3:6-7; 23-24) and thus removed from God’s presence, and cannot worship Him intimately. There is remarkable similarity in the wording of these passages. When we are “unclean,” we are unable to be with God in true worship, until something makes us clean again. Adam and Eve could not worship God in the garden, and Israel cannot worship God in His tabernacle. Both must be made clean again. Both locations, the garden, and the tabernacle symbolize God’s presence with humans, and in both places, God rejects human presence due to uncleanliness. The goal of creation in Genesis 1 and 2 is the worship of God. The goal of the laws in Leviticus 11 and 12 is the worship of God as well.

In Genesis 1 and 2, God creates animals, birds, sea creatures, creeping creatures, and then humanity. In Leviticus 11 and 12, God deals with sacrifices and food preparation concerning animals, then birds, then sea creatures, then rituals regarding humanity.

The Levitical Laws are revealed in the same manner the Creation Account in Genesis is revealed. Why?

Because the same blessings God granted us in creation He promises to restore to us in covenant!

This passage is intentionally written to show God’s promise to restore humanity in relationship with Him through cleansing. The author of these books wrote this because God always planned to make us clean again and allow us to worship Him like we were destined to from the beginning! Just as God purposefully created a beautiful world where we could spend time with Him, so He purposefully crafts a covenant where we can be restored to Him through purification.

So here we are in Leviticus, talking about bloody childbirth (literally) and how it causes one to be unclean. But the word for childbirth in Leviticus 12:2 in Hebrew is “seed,” and it’s the same word used in Genesis 3:15, where God promises to put enmity between the serpent and future human children. In other words, God promises to eventually overcome evil through the “seed” of humanity, which will trample upon the head of the serpent. God’s promise to fix what is broken will come through human pregnancy, which will one day result in the purification of all mankind, restoring their intimate dwelling with God. It is from this same promise that God purifies the entire world through a human, Jesus Christ, through blood sacrifice on the cross, making us, the unclean, clean again, and able to enter into the presence of God unashamed and free to worship Him, just as we were designed to do from the beginning of creation.

The similarities continue in Leviticus when God commands cleansing laws concerning skin issues and diseases (Leviticus 13-14). God also covers the shame of Adam and Eve after their sinful fall using animal hides (literally skins in Hebrew; Genesis 3:21). I won’t go further into those passages, but look them up for yourself and recognize the parallels between Genesis’s early chapters and Leviticus.

The bottom line is that God’s promise to restore you and keep you in close relationship with Him is firmly rooted throughout the Bible. Hold fast to them. Cling to them. Don’t let anyone try to remove them from your heart.

This small, simple passage about ritual purification regarding childbirth is a promise that echoes throughout all of eternity that God will make us, the rebellious, unclean, sinful wretches that we are, purified and able to enter into His presence once again.

Don’t rush through these chapters in the Bible. They may seem odd and out of place in our contemporary context, but there are powerful promises in them that reveal the hope of a good God who redeems His beloved creation, you and me.

On Sex and Marriage: Don’t Promise What the Bible Does Not.

I remember sitting inside the conference center screaming, surviving on adrenaline after getting 2 hours of sleep, and getting amped up alongside thousands of other teens as the worship team was about to kick things off. Everything is loud, flashing, and theatrical. It’s the perfect atmosphere for impacting young teenagers with a message that could last a lifetime. That message was,

“God wants you to have amazing sex!”

Literally, that’s how the guest speaker opened it up. I’ll admit, that’s a great way to grab the attention of thousands of teenagers and keep them engaged. It took me years to learn, however, that what the guest speaker called a promise from God is never promised in the Bible.

If you’ve heard the term, “purity culture,” there’s a good chance you’ve heard mixed reviews on what it was and whether or not it was good for the generation of people raised in it.

In this blog post, I do not want to be unfair to purity culture entirely because I share many beliefs at the core of what it's supposed to stand for. Purity culture (a term that was not coined until much later) developed at the end of the 20th century as a way to promote sexual abstinence outside of marriage. There were books, small group curriculums, and mass events dedicated to the subject. As teen pregnancy and transmission of STDs increased significantly in the 80s and 90s, purity culture did what North American churches have been doing for decades—responding to a cultural crisis by creating a cultural response dressed in churchy language. Purity culture attempted to promote a positive view of monogamous sex that is exclusively saved for lifelong marriage partners to counter the idea that multiple partners and a myriad of sexual experiences do not equate to sexual liberation and fulfillment (which I agree with). The problem? It promoted dozens of other unbiblical, toxically cultural, and at times abusive practices and expectations in sex and marriage. Talks on purity slowly moved away from biblical ideas of glorifying God with the body and covenant union (1 Cor. 6:12-20) to ideas of personal gratification via amazing sex, happy partners, and a household full of healthy children. Purity culture took sex and marriage and made it the “gospel-about-my-sex-life” rather than a gospel centered on Christ and his love for the Church.

The Bible strongly affirms marriage as a spiritual covenant between two people that signifies God’s love for humanity (Eph. 5:22-30), and that covenant is monogamous (Gen. 2:22-24; Eph. 5:31; Deut. 14:2; Isa. 54:5-8). Science now supports the notion that the human brain bonds powerfully to sex, and there is recognizable harm when sexual partners are removed from one another in various contexts and emotional intimacy is downgraded to irrelevancy. Purity Culture in some sense wanted to highlight an already firm belief among some practicing Christians that sex between two monogamous partners saved for marriage would benefit the married couple. I completely agree with this position still today.

But Purity culture completely over-promised, and under-delivered.

Purity Culture messages often proclaimed to young men and women that their sex life was guaranteed to be spectacular so long as they saved their sexual activity for their future spouse. “God wants you to have amazing sex!” was not only a theme at a youth conference; it was the banner of a kingdom for young men in the late 90s early 2000s. There are several problems with this, of course. On one hand, many young people, Christian or not, were already aware of culturally secular expectations for sexual gratification. Many young men assumed that a specular sex life meant the kind of sexual gratification they saw in movies and tv shows, or heard boasted about in pop songs and from insecure high school D-bags. They get it whenever they want, however they want, and there is no rejection involved. If a man has the urge to have sex, it is perfectly natural, and therefore, allowing him to have what he naturally wants is healthy for him (the world is only now waking up to the fact that it is unhealthy and unnatural for young men to indulge in every sexual desire whenever and however they want). Thus if a man saves himself sexually for his future wife, he is securing the fulfillment of these sexual needs in a perfect sexual partner. This same type of hyperbolic promise was pushed on young women too. The secular expectation that the perfect man will cherish and value you, instinctively know your needs, and readjust all of his needs accordingly will happen naturally if both partners saved themselves for marriage with each other. He’ll just “get it.”

Imagine the shock and disbelief when two people found out that they still had to work incredibly hard in their marriage, especially in the context of sex, despite doing exactly what purity culture told them to do.

It overpromised and underdelivered.

Purity Culture youth pastors often bragged about their “hot wives” that God gave them because they saved themselves for marriage (as if this is any sort of biblical promise at all—it's not). The idea promoted was that other young men would get the hot wife of their dreams if they abstain from sex until marriage as well. In contrast, some purity culture preachers described sex in such a negative light that women who obeyed and followed suit were so terrified of sex that they couldn’t bring themselves to trust their partner even after getting married and having biblically consensual sex. It felt so dirty that it almost couldn’t be redeemed for them, and it took years of therapy and redeeming theology to remove those barriers. Many women were told that if their husband wants sex, they were being sinful if they deny him, or at least they are harming their marriage and encouraging their husbands to look for sex elsewhere (porn, affairs, masturbation, etc). Without meaning to, purity culture messages were at times absolving men of sexual sin while lumping shame on women. Imagine the toxic weight a woman will carry by believing that her husband’s sexual sin is her fault because she didn’t sexually satisfy her partner as he wanted. Purity culture inadvertently stole the very thing it was promising—healthy sex between two faithful partners.

This may sound progressive to some but despite everything society, Christian or secular, proclaims, sex is not about us, and marriage is not about our fulfillment.

The increasingly liberal message in the 80s and 90s was that men and women are freer and fulfilled by having numerous, diverse sexual encounters. Instead of correcting this false assumption and dismantling it, purity culture tried to offer the same fulfillment using sex but giving a different formula: “You will be freer and fulfilled by sex if you abstain until marriage.” This never works in any context with any cultural or moral issue. You cannot try to promise the same things secular culture promises but offer a different formula, because the truth of Christianity is that everything the secular world promises is often meaningless and finite. Christianity reveals a greater, fulfilling, and eternal promise that in relationship with our Creator, God, we have everything we want and need. Secular culture will never understand this, so it will never offer it. That’s why people who don’t understand what it means to have a relationship with Jesus are always trying to find fulfillment in something else. Disguising secular fulfillment by clothing it in Christian moral terms and boundaries does not help: If anything, it damages the idea of true Christian faith in the long run.

This is why so many Generation Xers and Millennials are setting aside their previous Christian beliefs and walking away from the faith in the first place:

“If my pastor was wrong about what the bible says on sex and marriage, what else is he wrong on?”

The Bible never promises that sex will be awesome and fulfilling in our lives, ever. There is incredibly little written anywhere in the bible about sex in terms of fulfillment and satisfaction. Outside of procreation, sex serves little purpose in the narrative of existence. It is one of the least important aspects of your life in the grand scheme of biblical truth, and marriage is so much more than sex in scripture. The one exception to this is in the book Song of Songs, which depicts a beautiful portrait of two people romantically and physically devoted to each other. Song of Songs certainly does imply that two people can enjoy romantic love and sex, and that anticipation in waiting for sex to “awaken” at the right time is important (Song 2:7; 3:5; 8:4). But the much larger, more important truth communicated in Song of Songs is that love is beautiful, captivating, and created by God for the greatest levels of intimacy. Anyone who has been in a long-term relationship/marriage can attest to the reality that life gets busy, arduous challenges take precedence over spousal time, and things can fall into stagnant patterns. God is love, and an intimate, meaningful relationship is so much more than just getting by in life. Love is meant to be beautiful, and at times that can certainly manifest in the form of beautiful sex. God is certainly for healthy sex within a monogamous, loving relationship and Song of Songs informs us of this. It does not aggrandize sex for the sake of sexual fulfillment but aggrandizes love for the sake of revealing how deep and powerful godly love can be in every context, including sex.

In the end, every biblical teaching is designed to point us back to fulfillment, intimacy, and eternal rest in God. He alone is our source for all things (John 6:35; Psalm 16:11; 22:26; Isaiah 58:11; Jeremiah 31:25), and the Bible promises us with absolute assuredness that, regardless of how our marriage, sex life, job, or monetary status turns out, we will always be satisfied and fulfilled by our relationship with Him.

Is there wisdom in following the Bible’s command to save sex for a monogamous commitment with your spouse? Absolutely. Is there a formula that guarantees anything concerning your sex life and intimacy in marriage? No.

Don’t Downplay Worship for Justice

There’s a saying that makes its rounds every 10 years or so in nominal Christian circles, and it goes something like this:

“Jesus did not ask to be worshiped. He does not want our worship, he wants social justice.”

This is completely untrue, and it derives from classically liberal Christianity in the early 20th century. Before we get to that, however, let’s establish that God does care about justice, and Jesus does want to be worshiped. This nonsensical idea that we have to devalue one thing to elevate another is foolish and dangerous. We do not need to minimize God’s worship to elevate God’s justice. We should be wary of minimizing any aspect of God’s character to favor another. Common social reform philosophies do this all the time—they require that we identify and tear down a villain social group to elevate another, oppressed social group. In this context, the pious worshiper is the villain.

This has been happening since philosophies concerned with social reform began, and Christianity was naturally thrown into the mix. Let’s talk about how that all started.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Christianity went through some wild cultural gauntlets. People were focused on two things almost exclusively: (1) How our beliefs and values fit within science and reason, and (2) how we can better push humanity toward utopia. Within this world of science, reason, and progress, Christianity was in danger of becoming a fairy tale folk religion, aiding in personal peace but serving no real contribution to humanity’s modern needs. A few eloquent theologians stepped up to the plate and tried to curb the issue. Classically liberal theologians like Albrecht Ritschl and Adolf Harnack felt compelled to force Christianity to keep up with modernity, the world of modernism. Enlightenment philosophy and the scientific method were the filters through which everything must be viewed, and we have Immanuel Kant to thank for that. Kant decided that Christianity should only be valued for the moral foundations it contributes to society. So to help Christianity “compete” with modernity, liberal theologians funneled faith through the hose of Kantian ethics and morals. The theologian who made this idea famous in our North American Churches was Walter Rauschenbusch. He authored the famous work, A Theology for the Social Gospel. Essentially, Rauschenbusch reduced Christianity to a few simple religious statements and socialist-political and economic programs. Theology has nothing to contribute to personal faith, eternity, or macro-universal belief: It must be sequestered into the corner of moral judgments and values.

Despite Rauschenbusch’s blatant disregard for proper methods of interpreting ancient literature, we should be grateful for his contribution to Christianity in that it sparked a revival for the Church taking initiative in matters of social justice. After abolishing institutional slavery, Christianity once again fell into a mold where it was criticized for ignoring social plights, and over the last hundred years, Christianity continued to grapple with its place in social causes and politics. As corporate giants grew and individuals were swallowed up in the river of socialist dynamics, Christians wanted to apply their faith in a context that met these needs, and they are noble for desiring to do so.

But there is nothing wrong with churches valuing worship services and investing in opportunities to praise God corporately; doing so does not diminish a church’s impact on social justice. If a church is neglecting the needs of the community, the issue goes deeper than their approach to worship. Typically, when churches invest heavily in worship and exaltation of God within their congregations, they are known for feeding the poor, clothing the destitute, and housing orphans and widows. It’s as if close proximity to God results in acting out the will of God in justice and healing. Those who value intimacy and communion with God will share the same values and desires that are in God’s heart. If God wants justice for the oppressed and the poor, then worshiping Him and spending time in His presence will transform your heart to want justice for the oppressed and the poor. It is completely false and out of context to portray Jesus as a divine figure who diminished worship practices and religious experiences while attempting to reform society and bring justice. So let’s take a closer look at a few moments when worship is explicitly offered to Jesus in the New Testament.

As soon as the Magi who traveled from the East saw Jesus, they “fell down and worshiped him” (Matthew 2:11). They also offered him some seriously expensive gifts. The author of Matthew is highlighting the significance that magi from a distant, pagan land are recognizing Jesus as one who should receive worship.

When Jesus enters Jerusalem before his crucifixion, the crowd lays palm branches in his path and shouts, “Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!” (Matthew 21:9). This is a declaration among Jews that transformed the original meaning of the word (save us, please!) to a promise that God is coming to deliver His people as He did in the Exodus (Salvation is coming!) It directly identifies Jesus as the One God Who has come to save His people.

After Jesus walks on water in front of his disciples, they worship him, saying, “Truly you are the son of God” (Matthew 14:33). Jesus does nothing to correct them.

When Jesus reveals himself to his female disciples after he rose from the tomb, they “clasped his feet and worshiped him” (Matthew 28:9). Jesus tells them not to be afraid. He doesn’t tell them to stop worshiping him.

When Thomas sees the holes in Jesus’ hands and believes, he says, “My Lord and my God!” (John 20:28). Jesus doesn’t correct him.

In 1 Corinthians 8:5-6, roughly 20 years after Jesus’ death and resurrection, the apostle Paul writes,

Although there may be so-called gods in heaven or on earth—as indeed there are many ‘gods’ and many ‘lords’—yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through who are all things and through whom we exist.

In this scripture, Paul adapts an ancient Jewish expression of faith called the Shema (Deut. 4:6-9; 11:13-21). You see, devout Jews were explicitly monotheistic, meaning they worshiped only one god in a polytheistic world (where multiple gods were worshiped in various ways). The fact that first-century Christians (who were largely converted Jews) added a binitarian shape to their monotheistic worship of God alone by associating Jesus as their “Lord” is impossible to fathom unless they had no problem accepting Jesus as one who should be worshiped alongside God their Heavenly Father. That the early church chose to go against custom and promote the worship of Jesus speaks volumes.

The very reason Jesus was crucified by the Sanhedrin was for declaring to be God. He was questioned by the Pharisees (Matt 22) His disciples (Luke 6) and Pontius Pilate (Luke 22:66-71) and accepted association as God each time, solidifying his condemnation. If Jesus did not want to be worshipped, he did a terrible job disassociating himself from it. If anything, the position demands that we at least call Jesus incompetent for missing the significance of this issue in his teaching.

Jesus consistently regarded himself as God among monotheistic Jews who devoutly worshiped God (YHWH). The Jewish faith had an immensely high view of institutional worship that separated them from every pagan tradition. That Jesus never instructs his followers to reject these customs of worship is profound.

I’m barely scratching the surface of the evidence here: Jesus expected worship, received worship, and is pleased by our worship. Jesus overturned social norms and institutionally established values, sure, but every time he did it, he revealed a divine hierarchy where the kingdom of light is overturning the kingdom of darkness. It is beyond the context of the gospel narratives to assume Jesus’ miracles were more about social justice than they were about light defeating darkness. The kingdoms of evil were being overpowered by the kingdom of God (Luke 11), and the more people flocked to Jesus in worship and acceptance of his godhood, the more they accepted the values and principles of the kingdom of God itself, which seeks to establish justice, mercy, healing, and wholeness. I am all for social justice, as every sincere follower of Jesus is. But I will never downplay worshiping God for the sake of elevating the principles of God’s kingdom. I will never deny God what is due Him for the sake of spreading some of His principles. God demands worship and He demands justice.

Give Him both.

Is Church an Institution? Or People?

It’s something I heard all the time, “We are the Church! It’s not a building! We are the Church!” 

Are you though? 

I started to notice a growing tendency with a few people in my church concerning what Church actually is. They’d say things like, “WE are the church. It isn’t an institution.”

Unless there was some sort of social or political crises in our neighborhood. Then the same group of people would call me and ask, “So what are you going to do about it? You’re a church, after all. You should be doing something.” 

Wait a minute. This isn’t adding up. When it’s convenient or advantageous, the argument was, “Church is people, it isn’t an institution. Stop making it all about the institution!” and when a person did not want to be bothered, the argument became, “What is your church as an institution doing about this? This is what you get paid for, right? You need to do something.” Whenever a Black Lives Matter protest broke out, or when a natural disaster hit nearby, or when there was some scandal in the nearest high school with some dangerous trends spreading among students, people would ask me, “Well as a church what are you doing about it?” 

I remember sitting down in the lobby one winter with a fellow church member and having a candid conversation about how we could help several families who had lost their homes to a major fire. Plans were put together to purchase winter clothing and have groceries brought to the families thanks to mutual help from members of our church. This woman had told me on multiple occasions that church is about people, not the institution, and that we should spend less time focusing on the institution of the church. As we discussed the needs of these families suffering loss, she looked at me and said, “This isn’t enough. There’s still more of a need here. You’re a church. You are who people go to when they need help. What kind of church is this if it cannot meet the needs of others?” I sarcastically looked at her, (and I’m not proud of this) and said, “I thought you were the church? What are you doing about it?” 

Though I wish I had been less crass in my response, my feelings towards the situation are the same: We cannot complain that churches focus too much on their institutions instead of people when we have something to complain about, but blame church institutions when we don’t want to carry responsibilities ourselves. That’s a dangerous game that only compounds issues. So is the Church a group of people? Or is it an institution? Well, first let’s ask this: How does the bible consider the Church? How did people in the first few centuries view Church?

Both the Book of Acts and early church fathers show us that the very first church was, in fact, an institution just as much as it was a group of people. The first major controversy regarding church behavior came down to the decision of a select group of people in the Jerusalem church. Many gentiles (people who did not practice Jewish dietary or sabbath laws, and who often participated in pagan rituals of worship and food preparation) were becoming followers of Christ, which begged many to wonder how gentiles should behave. Almost none of them were circumcised. Do they need to be? How difficult should we make it for gentiles to join the fellowship of the church? Though dozens of smaller churches had sprung up by this point, there was a central place of authority that was tasked to prayerfully decide how this issue should be handled, and that central place was the church in Jerusalem. According to church tradition (and also implied in the Book of Acts) The Jerusalem church was led by the Apostle James. Though there are thousands upon thousands of christians across half of the Roman Empire at this point, the most influential christians who carried the largest spiritual load of the people and who worked most laboriously to spread the gospel were entrusted to make the decision for every single other christian. That means that an institutional framework was applied to the church to delegate practical and spiritual matters, and there was a clear delineation of authority among christians. This pattern continued for centuries, though the location changed from Jerusalem to Antioch or Alexandria, where major Christian churches were established as well. There was always a central institution that represented the whole of the group and help oversee and source everyone else to some degree.

At the same time, no one can deny that the church only exists because individual christians make it so. The apostle Paul remarks several times (1 Cor 12:12; 27; Rom. 12:4-5; Eph. 2:19-22; 4:4; 15-16; 5:29-30; Col. 1:24; and more) how each believing Christian is like one brick, mortared into the structure that makes up Christ’s body on earth, the Church. We all have a role to play, and we all make the structure function, so of course the church is not only an institution: It is and institution comprised of God’s people on earth. But too often I hear people say things like, “Well, that building isn’t the Church, I am the Church!”

No. No you’re not. 

You, by yourself, are not the Church. You cannot be. In fact, if you manage to get a few other people who band together with you, and you all happen to be christians, you’re still not the Church. And here’s why…

The Church is God’s dynamic organism on earth, fulfilling His mission to spread His Kingdom of salvation and righteousness across the entire world. You are either working with other Christians to make that mission a reality, or you are sitting around complaining at how others are doing it wrong. If you’re working with other christians, churches, institutions and operations that are living to fulfill this mission, and you have regular participation, accountability, fellowship, and exhortation with these groups, then you are, in fact, participating in the church. If you’re sitting just outside the walls complaining that everyone does it wrong, are making excuses as to why churches don’t deserve you, and you are choosing to work for God all by yourself, you are not part of the church, because that’s not how it works. There is a mutual submission to each other, especially to people you don’t like, or people you disagree with, that comes into play when functioning as the Church. As both a people and an institution, we are supposed to struggle to find unity with each other until our personal preferences and preconceived biases are sitting up there on the cross with Jesus’s death, letting go of petty grievances and working together in mutual grace and mercy. 

Now over the last century, especially in America, there has been a large shift in how some churches function, and perhaps this is where some of the “corporate church” criticism comes from. As businesses and non-profits made their entire mission about raising money and building success, that mindset easily seeped into the minds of ministers too. The mission may have become cloudy concerning spreading God’s kingdom and instead focused on raising funds, getting every penny from tax exemptions and taking advantage of grants and property opportunities. Yes, at times in American history church institutions have appeared to sell out for the sake of worldly success markers rather than kingdom ones. But it is extreme to become anti institution over the failures of some churches throughout the years. The answer to a problem is not to fling too far in the other direction. That’s never the answer. Being anti institution is not being pro Church, because at the end of the day, the Church is still an institution just as much as it is a collective of Jesus followers.

Sometimes it’s easier to criticize a faceless institution than it is to criticize a person. That’s where the temptation comes in. People might think, “Well Joey’s a nice guy. He’s doing his best. It’s just his church that’s the issue.” 

Honestly? Just tell me that you have a problem with something I’m doing. Be honest. I can handle it. I’m supposed to handle it. Don’t blame the faceless institution. Talk to me. 

This happens with many generic complaints: “That church is really judgy,” or “that church is so legalistic,” and “the teaching in that church is just not enough for me.” Well, who at that church is judging everyone? Who is legalistic? Who’s teaching is sub par? Is it really every single person in that church? Of course not. But it’s hard to have those tough conversations, so we just criticize the entire institution instead. But if the church is made up of people, then we need to work through our issues with these people. Rather than blindly blaming “that church” or the “institution” of church, be honest and air that grievance with the person on the other end of it. 

Now if you are a person who operates alone not because you are anti church-institutions, but because the church has hurt you, kicked you out or snuffed out your ministry, I’m sorry. That’s truly difficult to experience, whether called for or not. Sometimes in the friction of disagreement, a mutual conclusion can’t be reached, and there are church leaders who would rather send a person away than find a different solution. Sometimes the church leader has no other solution and it really is best for a particular person to stop being involved in ministry. Sometimes lay people or pastors give in to fear and just avoid dealing with the long process of healing that is needed. But that doesn’t make these decisions less painful. We’re all stupid humans, and we hurt each other sometimes. If you’re on the fringes of the church institution because you’ve been hurt, I encourage you to seek restoration and healing rather than giving up on institutions. Maybe not in the same church, but somewhere you can make a clean start, because God still sees people who need you in the local church, and there are people in the local church that you need. Really, you guys need each other. 

Since moving into an RV and traveling full-time with my family, church has looked extremely different to me. I’ve spent more time around campfires and in front of coffee mugs (I’m pretty much always drinking coffee) having church in small settings. And I love that. I think America needs more of that. But there will always be a need for larger church institutions. Every community needs an institution, as well as small gatherings and home churches, because among that united church ecosystem the Kingdom of God will spread, and people will be loved. I still watch my home church online and participate with them, and I thank God for that. Without their institution, I wouldn’t have that resource. Is the Church an institution, or is it the people?

Yep. 

Why I’m (Still) A Christian

I spoke with an old friend of mine. Someone I had not spoken to in several years. I talked about how my family and I transitioned into a full-time RV lifestyle this past year, and he talked about his developing career in marketing and business ventures. I asked where he was living and where he goes to church these days, to which he hesitantly replies “I’m not going to church anymore.” Throughout the conversation, he explained how he has decided he is not considering himself a part of the christian faith at this time. He pulled apart his former beliefs and did not find anything worth keeping. After a few days it occurred to me: If he had just given me the name of a church, I would not have thought anything of it—I just assumed his faith had remained steadfast in the first place. It did not occur to me that I could have asked, “Are you still following Jesus? What has your faith been through? How has it stood the test of time and experience?”

In the last decade I’ve read dozens of stories of Christians who decided they could not continue to call themselves christians while walking the current path they’ve chosen. The only solution was to pull up their religious roots and call it quits. The popular term for a while was “deconstruction,” where you attempt to remove all bias (virtually impossible) and investigate the claims of your faith by holding them up to intense scrutiny and examination. In the last couple of years this term has become synonymous with quitting christianity, even though the term supposedly applies to much broader areas of philosophy and other lingual systems. Perhaps it’s my cynicism, but on my social platforms, people who challenge their faith and walk away come off as intellectual, while people who continue to embrace their faith appear ignorant and unwilling to examine it. After reading so many stories of people who have walked away from some form of Christian faith, I started to wonder, so who made it? Who has challenged their faith, torn it apart, and continued forward still following Jesus? I want to read those stories too. I want to know who has found something worth keeping, rather than assuming every follower of Jesus blindly believes the same thing they always believed because they are spoon fed church jargon, or they’ve challenged their faith and decided to leave it behind.

So I’ll start with my own story. 

In my early twenties, I chose to challenge every assumption and belief I held concerning christianity, and read everything I could that was contrary to orthodoxy. It would take forever to recount everything I processed during that time, so I’ll share three specific challenges I dealt with concerning orthodox christianity and it’s counter-arguments, and how I continued to claim Christianty is true afterward.

Christianity was fabricated and mythicized by the early church

One of the first arguments I came across that I never heard growing up in church was the claim that the bible is mostly fictitious stories made up by people who wanted power for themselves by promulgating popular legends about Jesus. At first I found this hard to reconcile with, and it caused me to have serious doubts about Christianity as a whole. How can anyone prove that the historicity of the accounts of Jesus and the early church were real? Am I supposed to rely on blind faith to accept biblical claims? Show me the evidence! 

The first real answers came when I read about The First Quest for the Historical Jesus, which is usually traced back to the writings of a guy named Herman Reimarus. Reimarus claimed that Jesus was a real person who never intended to establish a new religion, but thought of himself as a human messiah who would overturn the social paradigms of Rome and establish a new earthly, political kingdom (This is obviously completely contrary to the entire message within the gospels). Reimarus then claims that Jesus’s hopes were dashed when Rome crucified him, but Jesus’s disciples stole his body and rode the momentum of his movement to build a religious system that eventually became Christianty. These kinds of claims are jarring when you grow up never hearing such things, which is exactly what my scenario was. Reimarus’ writings sounded brilliant at first, and I felt like a fool for never considering that Jesus might be a figure mostly invented by people who crave power. This phase of my doubt was shortly lived, however, for a plethora of reasons.

The accounts of Jesus and the first century church are loaded with failure, doubt, contradiction and confusion. The entire gospel of Mark (which is one of the most reliable and earliest accounts of the stories of Jesus) portrays the disciples as faithless failures who never seem to pick up on Jesus’s greater message and constantly let him down. Why would the church intentionally downplay the performance of the disciples if the goal is to create followers of the disciples within the church? This would make things harder, not easier for the biblical writers, and likely the early church would have eventually removed these passages to garner more followers. But they didn’t. They continued to elevate Jesus in their writings even at their own expense. In other gospels like Matthew, Jesus shares many teachings that are difficult to understand even within the first century’s context, and there were plenty of struggles the early church did have issues with that never find answers in the gospels. If the stories were fabricated, why not create scenarios that answer heated debates and strife within the early church, like food laws, or the Gentile mission, or the purpose of water baptism, or church-state affairs? C.S. Lewis suggested that if the Bible is fiction, it is terrible fiction, and thus is more than likely wholeheartedly believed by those who wrote about it. Reimarus’s work has been mostly discredited by scholars now, but the ideas he put forth live on for many who simply haven’t studied the bible or the history surrounding it.

There probably was not a historical Jesus

This one was challenging for me, because when I decided to question whether or not Jesus ever really existed, I turned where most people turn… the internet. I was bombarded with poorly researched “history” that never cited real sources about how there is no historical mention of the Hebrew named Jesus in official Roman records, and that the entire story of God becoming a human was borrowed from pagan myths that existed centuries before Jesus. At first glance, this rocked me a little bit. I never learned any of that before. But after six months of digging deeper and reading scholarly books and historical records, I found out none of those things are true. 

Firstly, there are records of a historical Jesus in Roman texts. We have more proof Jesus existed than the Roman poet Virgil (which no one questions, because less is at stake if he isn’t). Some have tried to explain the historical Jesus as a real figure, but someone completely different from the Jesus of the Bible, like a cynic philosopher or social revolutionary (Like Reimarus mentioned above). These attempts also fail serious scrutiny. I learned this easily by reading the account of The Jesus Seminar and the 1st and 2nd Quest for the Historical Jesus (also mentioned above), which you can do too if you’re willing to run down that hole. The books that shaped my beliefs most on this are called Jesus and Judaism by E.P. Sanders and Who Was Jesus by N.T. Wright. 

Second, It is impossible to reconstruct a historical Jesus figure who did not claim to be God and who did not work miracles and perform exorcisms. Many have attempted this, and they failed. Even first century opponents of Jesus’s movement like Celsus and the Jewish historian Josephus admit to Jesus being known for supernatural power and claims of divinity, making it ridiculous to claim the church fabricated that identity onto Jesus over time. Celcus went so far as to suggest Jesus was trained in Magic by Egyptians. Clearly enough people were exposed to his supernatural activity that it becomes ridiculous to suggest he was not a real person.

You cannot prove God exists

David Hume’s famous argument, “What Caused God?” made a big ripple in my life for about 5 solid minutes.

The cosmological argument, which claims everything that exists needs a cause, or a God to start the process, was rejected by Hume as a simple matter of passing the buck, You say everything must have started from something or it can’t exist. Well, what started God?  

Oh man. Shaky. This one messed with me. Hume was brilliant. Until it occurred it me (maybe supernaturally brought to my mind by God, just to make my atheist friends squirm a little), Christianity never claims every single event has a cause. Christianity does not claim God has to come from somewhere because everything has to come from somewhere—this is a scientific analyzation tool that in no way answers questions that exist outside of the laws of scientific inquiry. The Cause and Effect model examines the physical universe only. Judeo-Christianity has claimed for thousands of years that God is not bound by His own universe or its laws. An intelligent thinker named Thomas Aquinas used the cosmological argument simply as a way to reference the idea that the seen and felt universe always operates with a system of laws of cause and effect. Challengers in his day made claims that material forces were randomly caused with no origin or purpose by other material forces. Scientific methods proved over time that this never actually happens in the material universe. Effects always need causes. Aquinas claimed that something bigger than “material” stuff, something outside of physics, has to cause physics. Thus God is the greater Causer.

Hume’s response: “Well, what caused the Causer then?” This is a nonsense question, because no one is claiming that God has to follow the laws everything else must follow. Atheists are the ones claiming only the physical universe exists. The cosmological argument claims that more than a physical universe must exist, because the effects of a physical universe must have been caused by something, so what material thing created all of your other material things? You have to start somewhere. God, the great Causer, does not need a cause to start him, because He is not limited by physicality. Only if you claim that the material world is all that exists do you need to answer the question, “Well, what caused the material universe then?”

Atheism often suggests that only something physically material can begat the physical universe. Christianity suggests that only something metaphysical can begat the physical universe. These two methods do not have to abide by the same rules and principles of science to answer their respective questions. Atheism was exciting to me for about the same amount of time Michael Scott loved that chair model in The Office. If Christianity was false, I was not going to find an alternative in atheism. 

In the end

I believe there is a major difference between seeking truth and seeking an excuse to be rid of a belief model you don’t want. I won’t imply that everyone who “deconstructs” their faith and decides to abandon it does so because they don’t care about truth. That’s an unfair position that insults the intelligence of many wonderful people who simply will not agree with some of Christianity’s claims. But I won’t pretend there aren’t some who deconstruct their faith because they are jaded by Christianity and welcome any reason to leave it behind. I did not approach things this way. I remember the day I prayed and asked God to rip apart all of my preconceived notions of truth and show me what is real. I did not want to blindly follow anything, but I also did not want a reason to abandon Christianity either. I just wanted Jesus, plain and simple, if He was real. In my experience, God has proven Himself to me time and time again. I cannot find good reason to doubt His existence or historical mentions, and I have had enough personal experiences in my life where doubt becomes too difficult. I have seen prayers answered, miracles performed (yes, real, supernatural things) people manifested with demonic activity (yep, that one too), and a myriad of other experiences that become hard to deny. But that’s my experience, and it does little help for someone else who might be struggling with whether or not Christianity is worth it. If that’s you reading this, I pray you get all the answers you’re looking for. I wanted to share my experience because I feel too few people who have traveled through doubt and come out still believing, too few of us ever really talk about it. We should all talk about it a little more. 

Significance of the Virginal Conception

One of the most fascinating aspects of the Christmas story is the miraculous conception of Jesus by the Holy Spirit, within His mother Mary. The first chapters of the gospels of Matthew and Luke reveal that Jesus was not conceived by man, but by God Himself within the womb of a betrothed young virgin (Matthew 1; Luke 1). Believers in the story today tend to focus most on how incredible God’s miracles are, with Jesus’s conception being a powerful way to start the miracle showcase on earth in Jesus’s ministry. After the Enlightenment and the emergence of Deism in the 18th century, leading thinkers and college professors required miracles to be challenged and viewed with extreme skepticism, relegating them as less important than universal truths or reason. Yet in both cases, many who view this miraculous story often miss the broader significance of the virgin birth: God is the author and sustainer of all creation. 

In the second century, a church father named Theophilus introduced the concept of creatio ex nihilo, “creation out of nothing.” This statement meant that the Hebrew God of the Bible is absolutely unique in that He is not simply a deity with powers higher than our own; He is the Creator of all that exists and brought all things into being when they did not exist. Other beings can create, but only God can create something from nothing. In the time period in which Jesus was born, just before the height of the Roman Empire, many pagan and philosophical religions considered spiritual beings to be real and have certain power. But the concept of a single, transcendent, divine creator was virtually unknown to the Greek world. The Hebrew people, however, had believed the God of their scriptures was the Creator God since the very beginning. In Genesis 1:1, when God creates the heavens and the earth, the author of Genesis uses the word bara (to create). This word is uniquely reserved for God alone when it comes to creation. Though scholars go back and forth on the precise purpose of how this word is used, they unanimously agree that in Hebrew literature God possesses a unique power to create that no other being holds. His creation power far exceeds all others. Unlike all other creators, God is above and outside of the limitations of time and space, and He alone can form something beautiful without any starting materials. God does not need a single thing from us in order to make something amazing. So in the midst of darkness, formlessness, and nothingness, God created.

Early in the bible, mankind has abandoned God yet again with their pursuit of self, so God starts over, creating a new nation out of nothing. Out of that nation, God will send a redeemer who saves all of humanity. God calls a simple man named Abram out of the wilderness and promises to multiply his family into a nation that will transform the world (Genesis 12-17). In other words, God came upon a landscape that had nothing, a wilderness, and He made something incredible from it. God calls Abram from nothing, renames him Abraham, and creates a nation where there was no nation. The author of Genesis wants you to understand a theme here: God makes things out of nothing, and from that nothing comes something eternally significant. 

Fast forward almost 2000 years, where the angel Gabriel visits Mary and tells her she will conceive and bear a son, who will be named Jesus. Her first question, of course, is how? She is a virgin after all. Gabriel’s answer, God will form the child all on His own. Gabriel explains to Mary that the Holy Spirit will form Jesus in her womb. He then reveals that Mary’s relative Elizabeth, who is barren, has already conceived a child and is 6 months into her own pregnancy. Every society in the known Roman world determined a woman’s value by her ability to bear children, so Elizabeth would seem to amount to nothing in her world. But that is perfect, because God will make something out of nothing. In Mary’s case, she will not need to conceive a child, because God is the one who will send His Son Jesus, the world’s savior, into the world in the most eternally significant event in history in a way that only He can: From seemingly nowhere and out of nothing.  

Ironically, many religious leaders did not accept Jesus as God’s chosen savior because they knew he was from Nazareth in Galilee, and the prophecies told them they would not know where the Messiah would come from (John 7:27). What they did not realize was that Jesus came from Heaven, not from ordinary places. God did not need a starting point in any town or city, He did not need the perfect environment or the right conditions to magically align. He did not need anything at all. God fulfilled His promise in the same way He always does, uniquely as the Creator, Sustainer, and Savior of all things. The Virgin Conception is a beautiful reminder that God never runs out of options and He is not limited to what we can offer Him. If the world seems too dark and hopeless for God to have His way, that is actually perfect. Those are the exact conditions God has supernaturally worked through before, and He will do it again. God will take the darkness and emptiness and nothingness and form beauty, fullness and salvation from it. God is the God of creatio ex nihilo, who will take our nothing and make exactly what He wants to out of it. I cannot think of a more wonderful promise of hope, and I will never look at the Virgin Conception the same way. If your world is too dark, your hope is gone, and your wilderness seems unending, you are actually in a great place. Give God your life, and let Him make something amazing out of nothing.

Sexual Immorality, the Human Body, and Community Holiness.

Paul’s first address to the church in Corinth articulates a unique theology of the human body and its purposes in God’s inaugurated kingdom on earth. In examining 1st Corinthians 6:12-20,  Paul addresses boundaries and abuses of freedom in the Christian life (6:12-13), God’s purpose for the human body in Christ (VS 14-20), the sinful practice of sexual immorality against both the body and the Lord (VS 14-18), and communal holiness for the collective church as Christ’s body (15-20). This paper will endeavor to explain and support the position that Paul’s theology of the human body, explicitly expressed and supported in this passage, was unique in Paul’s day and is coherent and consistent within greater Pauline literature. It will begin by addressing the wider issue at stake in Paul’s entire letter to the Corinthians.